CVE-2026-34181 Details
Issue Summary: The PKCS#12 file processing fails to perform sufficient input
validation for files that use Password-Based Message Authentication Code 1
(PBMAC1) integrity mechanism allowing a certificate and private key forgery.

Impact Summary: An attacker impersonating a user can cause a service reading
PKCS#12 files to accept forged certificates and private keys with a 1 in 256
probability.

If a service accepting PKCS#12 files is using passwords for authenticating
the received files, the attacker can create unencrypted PKCS#12 files that
use PBMAC1 authentication that specifies an HMAC key of only one byte, allowing
them to craft a file that will be accepted with a 1 in 256 probability.
That would then cause the service to accept a certificate and private key
controlled by the attacker.

The FIPS modules are not affected by this issue, as the affected code is
outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.
View at NVD
Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2026-34181
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System): EPSS predicts the likelihood that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild. A higher percentage means a greater chance of an exploit occurring. The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%).
0.24 Probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days (14th percentile)
CVSS score for CVE-2026-34181
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System): An open framework owned and managed by FIRST.Org, Inc. that assigns a numerical score from 0 to 10 to software vulnerabilities to indicate their severity.
7.4 High
Products affected by CVE-2026-34181
OpenSSL 3.4.0
OpenSSL 3.4.1
OpenSSL 3.5.0
OpenSSL 3.6.2
OpenSSL 3.5.1
DVE Score by Bitsight AI
DVE scores complement traditional static scoring systems like CVSS with Bitsight AI powered real-time threat intelligence and underground cyber criminal activity so that security teams can reduce alert fatigue and focus on vulnerabilities most likely to be exploited.
Low
More on DVE scores

CVE-2026-34181 Global Footprint

Top 10 Identified Countries

Country Observations Percentage
US 24,469 32.11%
JP 7,337 9.63%
DE 6,419 8.42%
GB 3,462 4.54%
IN 3,140 4.12%
NL 3,086 4.05%
IE 2,699 3.54%
FR 2,383 3.13%
CA 2,174 2.85%
KR 1,481 1.94%

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CVE-2026-34181 Industry Footprint

Top 10 Identified Industries

*Service provider organizations (typically Technology and Telecommunications) are disproportionally represented in the results given their upstream ownership of end-user infrastructure. See our FAQs.

Industry* Observations Percentage
Technology 44,534 77.07%
Telecommunications 6,385 11.05%
Education 4,016 6.95%
Government/Politics 889 1.54%
Business Services 338 0.58%
Manufacturing 258 0.45%
Finance 220 0.38%
Healthcare/Wellness 153 0.26%
Energy/Resources 145 0.25%
Utilities 123 0.21%

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