CVE-2025-51991 Details
XWiki through version 17.3.0 is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in the Administration interface, specifically within the HTTP Meta Info field of the Global Preferences Presentation section. An authenticated administrator can inject crafted Apache Velocity template code, which is rendered on the server side without proper validation or sandboxing. This enables the execution of arbitrary template logic, which may expose internal server information or, in specific configurations, lead to further exploitation such as remote code execution or sensitive data leakage. The vulnerability resides in improper handling of dynamic template rendering within user-supplied configuration fields.
View at NVD
Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-51991
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System): EPSS predicts the likelihood that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild. A higher percentage means a greater chance of an exploit occurring. The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%).
2.06 Probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days (83rd percentile)
CVSS score for CVE-2025-51991
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System): An open framework owned and managed by FIRST.Org, Inc. that assigns a numerical score from 0 to 10 to software vulnerabilities to indicate their severity.
8.8 High
Products affected by CVE-2025-51991
Xwiki 17.1.0
Xwiki 16.6.0
Xwiki 17.3.0
Xwiki 9.4
Xwiki 15.5
DVE Score by Bitsight AI
DVE scores complement traditional static scoring systems like CVSS with Bitsight AI powered real-time threat intelligence and underground cyber criminal activity so that security teams can reduce alert fatigue and focus on vulnerabilities most likely to be exploited.
Low
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CVE-2025-51991 Global Footprint

Top 10 Identified Countries

Country Observations Percentage
US 24 18.75%
DE 23 17.97%
RU 21 16.41%
FR 7 5.47%
NL 6 4.69%
CN 5 3.91%
HK 4 3.13%
CZ 3 2.34%
FI 3 2.34%
RO 2 1.56%

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CVE-2025-51991 Industry Footprint

Top 10 Identified Industries

*Service provider organizations (typically Technology and Telecommunications) are disproportionally represented in the results given their upstream ownership of end-user infrastructure. See our FAQs.

Industry* Observations Percentage
Technology 78 79.59%
Telecommunications 12 12.24%
Education 5 5.10%
Government/Politics 2 2.04%
Finance 1 1.02%

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