CVE-2025-4575 Details
Issue summary: Use of -addreject option with the openssl x509 application adds
a trusted use instead of a rejected use for a certificate.

Impact summary: If a user intends to make a trusted certificate rejected for
a particular use it will be instead marked as trusted for that use.

A copy & paste error during minor refactoring of the code introduced this
issue in the OpenSSL 3.5 version. If, for example, a trusted CA certificate
should be trusted only for the purpose of authenticating TLS servers but not
for CMS signature verification and the CMS signature verification is intended
to be marked as rejected with the -addreject option, the resulting CA
certificate will be trusted for CMS signature verification purpose instead.

Only users which use the trusted certificate format who use the openssl x509
command line application to add rejected uses are affected by this issue.
The issues affecting only the command line application are considered to
be Low severity.

The FIPS modules in 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this
issue.

OpenSSL 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are also not affected by this
issue.
View at NVD
Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-4575
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System): EPSS predicts the likelihood that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild. A higher percentage means a greater chance of an exploit occurring. The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%).
0.02 Probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days (4th percentile)
CVSS score for CVE-2025-4575
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System): An open framework owned and managed by FIRST.Org, Inc. that assigns a numerical score from 0 to 10 to software vulnerabilities to indicate their severity.
6.5 Medium
Products affected by CVE-2025-4575
OpenSSL 3.5.0
DVE Score by Bitsight AI
DVE scores complement traditional static scoring systems like CVSS with Bitsight AI powered real-time threat intelligence and underground cyber criminal activity so that security teams can reduce alert fatigue and focus on vulnerabilities most likely to be exploited.
Low
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CVE-2025-4575 Global Footprint

Top 10 Identified Countries

Country Observations Percentage
US 239 22.59%
CH 148 13.99%
DE 102 9.64%
JP 86 8.13%
IN 47 4.44%
RU 36 3.40%
GB 33 3.12%
SG 23 2.17%
FR 22 2.08%
CN 21 1.98%

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CVE-2025-4575 Industry Footprint

Top 10 Identified Industries

*Service provider organizations (typically Technology and Telecommunications) are disproportionally represented in the results given their upstream ownership of end-user infrastructure. See our FAQs.

Industry* Observations Percentage
Technology 460 69.80%
Telecommunications 138 20.94%
Education 33 5.01%
Government/Politics 8 1.21%
Business Services 4 0.61%
Healthcare/Wellness 4 0.61%
Manufacturing 3 0.46%
Finance 2 0.30%
Legal 2 0.30%
Engineering 1 0.15%

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